How to “Lie” with Personal Finance – Part 3: Diversification

December 10, 2025 – Welcome to another post on the ERN blog. This is the third installment in the “How to Lie with Personal Finance” series (please also check out Parts 1 and 2). As always, this is not an instruction manual for deception, but precisely the opposite: it points out the misunderstandings circulating in personal finance. Think of it as an homage to the classic book “How to Lie with Statistics.” On the program today are the lies and misunderstandings surrounding diversification. Don’t get me wrong, I worked in finance, math, and statistics long enough to appreciate the beauty of diversification. But diversification seems to be one of the more misunderstood and misrepresented concepts in the personal finance world. I want to highlight some of those misunderstandings in today’s post.

Let’s get started…

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The 50-year mortgage is not as bad as we’ve been told!

November 19, 2025 – Recently, there has been a lot of chatter about a policy proposal: the 50-Year Mortgage. The proposal received significant pushback from all corners of society. Almost the entire political spectrum agreed that this was a bad idea. It’s rare these days that everyone agrees on something. So, I’ve been sitting back and watching the public outrage unfold. Oh, how terrible and irresponsible this is! You’re paying too much in interest over the life of the loan. You’re paying more in interest than the total value of the loan. You’ll still have a mortgage when you’re 90! Instead of passing wealth to your heirs, you only pass on a mortgage. The horror! For the record, I’m not a big fan of a 50-year mortgage. However, most reasons presented are not particularly convincing. Let’s take a look…

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Can we increase the Safe Withdrawal Rate with Momentum/Trend-Following? – SWR Series Part 63

November 12, 2025 – Hello, readers! Welcome to another installment of the Safe Withdrawal Rate Series. Please see this landing page for an introduction to the Series and a summary of all the other parts so far. After a long hiatus from writing due to my busy travel schedule during the summer and lots of other commitments, I’ve found my groove again and put together something that has been on my mind for many years: Is there an asset allocation strategy that could have improved historical safe withdrawal rates? Specifically, could we devise an asset allocation strategy that shifts weights between different asset classes in a way to improve investment results? Of course, that’s easier said than done, but there are some interesting ideas out there. One such approach is to tactically shift asset class weights based on asset return momentum. Some people also refer to this flavor as “Trend-Following.” If you want to sound really techy and fancy, you’d also call this “Tactical Asset Allocation” (TAA), “Managed Futures,” or “Commodity Trading Advisers” (CTA) strategies; however, these three terms often encompass many other dynamic asset allocation strategies, not just momentum.

In any case, maybe a momentum strategy can help us avoid some of the worst historical asset market disasters if we could sell equities early enough during a bear market. How much Sequence Risk could we eliminate? By how much can we raise our safe withdrawal rate if we could have reliably avoided some of the worst historical asset market disasters? Let’s take a look..

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Can we increase the Safe Withdrawal Rate with Small-Cap Value Stocks? – SWR Series Part 62

June 2, 2025 – Welcome to another installment in my Safe Withdrawal Series, please check the landing page for all posts so far. Today’s topic is about Small-Cap Value (SCV) stocks and whether they should have a prominent role in retirement portfolios. Some financial experts recommend adding Small-Cap Value to your retirement portfolio, which will miraculously and automatically increase your safe withdrawal rate from 4% to 5% or even 5.5%.

In today’s post, I first would like to present some simulations using historical data. Those simulation results look pretty impressive. Thus, investors in 1926 who had somehow been aware of the Fama-French research, published almost 70 years later (maybe through time travel!?), could have done remarkably well.

Of course, if you are familiar with my blog, you will know that I am skeptical of SCV. I’ve written two posts, one in 2019 and one last year, where I outline my main concern: the Small-Cap Value engine that generated extra returns worth several percentage points between 1926 and about 2006 started sputtering about twenty years ago, and it’s unlikely that now when everybody is aware of SCV, we will repeat those impressive investing results so easily. Thus, I also want to provide some simulations that factor in more realistic small stock and value premia going forward. Alas, once we scale back those factors’ return expectations, your retirement portfolio will have very little to gain from small-cap value stocks.

Let’s take a look…

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Market Musings: Recession Fears and the Trade War – Is this the end of FIRE?

May 9, 2025 – By popular demand, and because it’s been a while since I wrote my last such post, here are a few thoughts on the current market conditions, especially the economic and financial uncertainty. Some of the issues I like to cover:

  • Is there a recession around the corner?
  • What’s my inflation and Federal Reserve policy outlook?
  • What are my views on the Trade War?
  • With all this financial volatility, is the FIRE movement finally finished?

That’s a lot to cover, so let’s get started…

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Options Trading Series: Part 13 – Year 2024 Review

January 14, 2025 – Happy New Year, everybody! I hope you had a quiet, relaxing Christmas season and a great start to the New Year. As I’ve done in prior years, I want to update you on my options trading strategy: How was the performance in CY 2024? Are there any strategy changes? How did I deal with the volatility in August and December? I also want to share some general thoughts and observations to rationalize the long-term profitability of my options strategy.

Let’s get started…

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Small-Cap Value Stocks: Diversification or Di-WORSE-fication?

December 2, 2024 – Many of you have asked me to comment on a recent phenomenon in the FI/FIRE community: Small-Cap Value (SCV) Stocks. Oh, my! Just when I thought we were making progress in the personal finance community, a new fad comes along and threatens to undo all that hard work. When you thought everyone was on board with simple, stress-free, and hands-off index investing, I sense that people feel the itch again to tinker with their portfolios – this time with “Small-Cap Value (SCV) Stocks.” To be precise, small-cap value is nothing new. I’ve written about my SCV skepticism in a post over five years ago. But the way it’s sold now is from a new angle, and it’s getting traction in the FI/FIRE community. The SCV media blitz relies on the latest narrative that, sure, broad index funds (VTI, ITOT, etc.) are a great and simple way to reach your financial goals. But SCV is an even better way—a “more optimal” way to reach your goals. Allegedly, SCV is the secret sauce for accelerated financial success for astute and enlightened investors.

But alas, much of that narrative is hype and false advertising. In today’s post, I want to reiterate the case for simple broad index investing. Let’s take a look…

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Why the Wheel Strategy Doesn’t Work – Options Series Part 12

September 17, 2024 – Welcome to another installment of my Options Trading Series. Please click here for the Options Landing Page for more details about the strategy. People frequently ask me how I deal with losses when I trade my options strategy. My approach is that a loss is water under the bridge, and I run the same strategy going forward, albeit with a slightly smaller account size. I’ve been trading my put options strategy since 2011, and this approach has served me well in several significant equity drawdowns, most recently in the 2022 bear market.

However, some of the options traders who have found my blog over the years must be big fans of the so-called “Wheel Strategy” (or “Options Wheel” or other related terms) and ask me all the time if it wouldn’t be better to take possession of the underlying, and then sell covered calls until I recover the loss. This strategy is often marketed as a great risk management tool and a surefire way to claw back losses.

I’ve previously dismissed this idea and given short and curt answers. But since the issue keeps coming up, I want to publish a more detailed post explaining why I don’t think the Wheel Strategy holds up to all the hype on the internet. Let’s take a look…

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Safety First – SWR Series Part 61

May 16, 2024 – Welcome to another Safe Withdrawal Rate Series installment. Please see the landing page of the series for a guide to all parts so far. In Part 60, dealing with the “Die With Zero” idea, I mentioned working on an upcoming post about the “Safety First” approach, and I finally got around to writing that post. What is Safety First? It involves using asset allocations different from those in the Trinity Study or my SWR Toolbox (see Part 28). For example, we could use Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) as a default-free and CPI-hedged investment option. However, TIPS are no hedge against longevity risk. An annuity hedges against longevity risk; though the most common annuity option, a single premium immediate annuity (SPIA), is usually not CPI-adjusted. Also, for the longest time, low interest rates rendered the Safety First approach all but useless because neither TIPS ladders nor annuities generated enough income for a comfortable retirement. You would have been better off taking your chances with the volatility of a 60/40 portfolio.

In other words, there is no free lunch. You don’t get peace of mind for free. Rather, you likely pay a steep price for that safety by giving up most, if not all, of your portfolio upside and/or bequest potential. However, since interest rates started rising again in 2022, the entire fixed-income interest rate landscape looks more attractive now. Could this be the time to reconsider Safety First? Let’s take a look…

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Looking for high-yield CDs? Consider an Option “Box Spread” as a tax-advantaged alternative!

April 17, 2024 – People sometimes ask me for a good and safe place to “park” their money for a short period. CDs, high-yield savings, and money market accounts would be the obvious answers. When looking for safe, short-term investments, options are probably the last thing on your mind. Options have the aura of complicated and highly speculative investments. However, sophisticated investors can structure options trades to make them (almost) as safe as CDs but with more flexibility and higher after-tax income, thanks to a Box Spread trade.

You can implement this trade by hand, and I will go through the mechanics. You can also buy an ETF, though with some small drawbacks. Let’s take a look…

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